Asperger’s vs Autism, What’s the Difference?
You may hear people describe Asperger’s Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder as the same thing, or, as two completely different disorders.
Who is correct?
Well, they both are… to some degree.
Asperger's vs. Autism: Decoding the Difference (or Lack Thereof)
Remember navigating the playground as a kid, trying to decipher the unwritten rules of social interaction? For some, it was an effortless dance, while for others, it felt like a foreign language. If you were part of the latter group, you might have heard terms like "Asperger's" and "autism" swirling around, often used interchangeably but leaving you wondering: what's the difference?
The truth is, that the landscape of understanding these experiences has shifted in recent years. Let's dive into the evolution of terminology and unveil the reality behind Asperger's and autism.
From Labels to Spectrum:
Once upon a time, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) recognized Asperger's Syndrome as a distinct diagnosis separate from autism. People with Asperger's were often described as "high-functioning" on the spectrum, meaning their challenges with social interaction and communication might have been perceived as less severe than those with autism.
However, in 2013, the DSM took a major step: recognizing the multifaceted nature of these experiences and integrating Asperger's into the umbrella term of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This shift wasn't about minimizing anyone's challenges; it was about acknowledging the vast spectrum of experiences within ASD and promoting a more inclusive understanding.
Many people who were diagnosed with Aspergers Syndrome before the diagnostic criteria changed in 2013 are still perceived as “having Asperger’s.” And many people also consider Asperger’s as part of their identity. This is especially true considering the stigma that still surrounds autism diagnoses in many communities around the world. Sometimes “having Asperger’s” can be a safer way of saying that you have Autism, because of how some people perceive Aspergers Syndrome versus Autism.
Similarities that Speak Volumes:
So, if both fall under the ASD umbrella, where do the similarities lie? Well, both Asperger's and autism share core characteristics like:
Social challenges: Difficulty reading social cues, understanding nonverbal communication, and navigating intricate social situations are common threads within both.
Sensory sensitivities: The world can be a barrage of overwhelming sensory input for individuals with ASD, whether it's the buzz of fluorescent lights, the scratch of certain fabrics, or the cacophony of crowded spaces.
Repetitive behaviors: Stimming, routines, and intense focus on specific interests are often observed in individuals with ASD, offering comfort and predictability in an unpredictable world.
Communication differences: While some individuals with ASD might have advanced vocabularies, challenges with understanding sarcasm, interpreting figurative language, or expressing emotions openly can be part of the experience.